A Microwave System for Surface Collection Efficiency Measurements

A microwave system was developed to measure the amount of water collected on a surface of an airfoil relative to the amount of water in a cloud that should impinge an equivalent projected area, as well as the ratio of these quantities, which is defined as the surface collection efficiency. Traditional methods for measuring collection efficiency involve attaching blotter paper to an airfoil surface to collect droplets with dye added to the water entering the spray bar system. Following precise spray system actuation, the amount of dye remaining on the blotter paper is measured using a reflectance spectroscopy system. The effort to develop a new microwave system for collection efficiency measurements included: 1) construction of two single-waveguide models and one partial airfoil model with multiple microwave waveguides and a multiplexing system, 2) construction of a spray system for the Liquid Film and Cloud Chamber (LFACT) at the Baylor University with fast pneumatic actuation, and 3) testing of the microwave sensing system in the LFACT. The feasibility and operating physics of the microwave elements was verified, and multiple methods for using the system in a larger icing wind tunnel were explored. The spray bar system demonstrated adequate cloud actuation times for the most useful measurement approach. However, the clouds generated in the LFACT were found to be non-uniform. Methods were explored to account for the cloud non-uniformity in the LFACT for future microwave- sensor collection efficiency investigations. A provisional patent (Application # 63/239,207) has been filed for the flexible printed circuit board (PCB) and microwave sensing approach for liquid film thickness measurements with the title \u201cA Microwave System for Detection and Characterization of Materials Interacting with Aircraft and Airfoil Surfaces.\u201

Comprehensive Structure and Functional Adaptations of the Yeast Nuclear Pore Complex [preprint]

Nuclear Pore Complexes (NPCs) mediate the nucleocytoplasmic transport of macromolecules. Here we provide a structure of the yeast NPC in which the inner ring is resolved by cryo-EM at - helical resolution to show how flexible connectors tie together different structural and functional layers in the spoke. These connectors are targets for phosphorylation and regulated disassembly in cells with an open mitosis. Moreover, some nucleoporin pairs and karyopherins have similar interaction motifs, which suggests an evolutionary and mechanistic link between assembly and transport. We also provide evidence for three major NPC variants that foreshadow functional specializations at the nuclear periphery. Cryo-electron tomography extended these studies to provide a comprehensive model of the in situ NPC with a radially-expanded inner ring. Our model reveals novel features of the central transporter and nuclear basket, suggests a role for the lumenal ring in restricting dilation and highlights the structural plasticity required for transport by the NPC

A high-resolution map of human evolutionary constraint using 29 mammals.

The comparison of related genomes has emerged as a powerful lens for genome interpretation. Here we report the sequencing and comparative analysis of 29 eutherian genomes. We confirm that at least 5.5% of the human genome has undergone purifying selection, and locate constrained elements covering ∼4.2% of the genome. We use evolutionary signatures and comparisons with experimental data sets to suggest candidate functions for ∼60% of constrained bases. These elements reveal a small number of new coding exons, candidate stop codon readthrough events and over 10,000 regions of overlapping synonymous constraint within protein-coding exons. We find 220 candidate RNA structural families, and nearly a million elements overlapping potential promoter, enhancer and insulator regions. We report specific amino acid residues that have undergone positive selection, 280,000 non-coding elements exapted from mobile elements and more than 1,000 primate- and human-accelerated elements. Overlap with disease-associated variants indicates that our findings will be relevant for studies of human biology, health and disease

Baylor University College of Dentistry Catalog and Announcements Academic Years 1951, 1951-52

1951-195

Baylor University College of Dentistry Announcements for session 1935-36

1935-193

Baylor University College of Dentistry Catalog 1927-28 [and] Announcements 1928-29

1928-192

Baylor University College of Dentistry Announcements for the years 1962-1964

1962-196

[Catalog] 1954-1955

1954-195

Baylor University College of Dentistry Announcements 1921-1922

1921-192